Web Technologies

Front End Technologies

Front-end and back-end are terms used to characterize program interfaces and services relative to the initial user of these interfaces and services. (The "user" may be a human being or a program.) A "front-end" application is one that application users interact with directly.

A "back-end" application or program serves indirectly in support of the front-end services, usually by being closer to the required resource or having the capability to communicate with the required resource.

HTML & CSS

HTML, HyperText Markup Language, gives content structure and meaning by defining that content as, for example, headings, paragraphs, or images. CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets, is a presentation language created to style the appearance of content—using, for example, fonts or colors.

The two languages—HTML and CSS—are independent of one another and should remain that way. CSS should not be written inside of an HTML document and vice versa. As a rule, HTML will always represent content, and CSS will always represent the appearance of that content.

With this understanding of the difference between HTML and CSS, let’s dive into HTML in more detail.

JavaScript

JavaScript provides the ability to add interactivity to a website, and help enrich the user experience. HTML provides a page with structure and CSS provides a page with appearance, JavaScript provide a page with behavior.

Like CSS, JavaScript should be saved in an external file with the .js file extension, and then referenced within an HTML document using the script element. Where the JavaScript reference is placed with HTML depends on when it should be executed.

Generally speaking, the best place to reference JavaScript files is right before the closing tag so that the JavaScript file is loaded after all of the HTML has been parsed. However, at times, JavaScript is needed to help render HTML and determine it’s behavior, thus may be referenced within a documents head.

Bootstrap

Additionally, Bootstrap requires jQuery to function. jQuery is an extremely popular and widely used JavaScript library, that both simplifies and adds cross browser compatibility to JavaScript.

Everything else you might happen across while studying the Bootstrap documentation - Grunt, Gulp, Sass, LESS, bower, npm, etc - is not necessary to get started with Bootstrap.

These are task runners, preprocessors, installation aids, and package managers, so don't be discouraged if you don't know how to use any of them yet.

JQuery

In part of being a web designer or front end developer you will commonly run into JavaScript, often referred to as JS, and jQuery.

Within the top 10,000 websites JavaScript is used within over 92% of them, and jQuery is used within in over 63% of them. Needless to say, they are fairly popular.

You may even aspire to write JavaScript or jQuery to build your own behaviors at one point or another.

If you are asking what exactly are JavaScript and jQuery fear not, this lesson gives a brief overview of JavaScript and then takes a look at jQuery.

Back End Technologies

A back-end developer is a type of programmer who creates the logical back-end and core computational logic of a website, software or information system. The developer creates components and features that are indirectly accessed by a user through a front-end application or system.

Asp.Net MVC

ASP.NET MVC is a framework for developing dynamic web applications.

It supports languages like VB.Net, C#, Jscript.Net, etc. The programming logic and content can be developed separately in Microsoft Asp.Net.

This covers some important aspect of ASP.NET like reusable code, deploying the .net application on the server, testing web application, debugging and so on.

Asp.Net Core

ASP.NET Core is an open-source and cross-platform framework for building modern cloud based internet connected applications, such as web apps, IoT apps and mobile backends.

ASP.NET Core apps can run on .NET Core or on the full .NET Framework. It was architected to provide an optimized development framework for apps that are deployed to the cloud or run on-premises.

It consists of modular components with minimal overhead, so you retain flexibility while constructing your solutions. You can develop and run your ASP.NET Core apps cross-platform on Windows,Mac and Linux.

Node.js

Node.js is an open-source and cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment. It is a popular tool for almost any kind of project!

Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.

Node.js is built on javascript, it's best suited when you build client-side applications which are based on the same javascript framework.

Node.js has a unique advantage because millions of frontend developers that write JavaScript for the browser are now able to write the server-side code in addition to the client-side code without the need to learn a completely different language.

PHP

PHP was at first created as a simple scripting platform called "Personal Home Page". Nowadays PHP is an alternative of the Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology.

PHP is an open source server-side language which is used for creating dynamic web pages. It can be embedded into HTML. PHP is usually used in conjunction with a MySQL database on Linux/UNIX web servers. It is probably the most popular scripting language.

Python with Web Developmemnt

Python is a beautiful language. It’s easy to learn and fun, and its syntax (the rules) is clear and concise.

Python is a popular choice for beginners, yet still powerful enough to back some of the world’s most popular products and applications from companies like NASA, Google, IBM, Cisco, Microsoft, Industrial Light & Magic among others.

Java

Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995.

There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day.

Java is fast, secure, and reliable. From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!

Database

SQL Server

SQL Server is Microsoft's relational database management system (RDBMS). It is a full-featured database primarily designed to compete against competitors Oracle Database (DB) and MySQL.

Like all major RBDMS, SQL Server supports ANSI SQL, the standard SQL language. However, SQL Server also contains T-SQL, its own SQL implemention. SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) (previously known as Enterprise Manager) is SQL Server's main interface tool, and it supports 32-bit and 64-bit environments.

SQL Server is sometimes referred to as MSSQL and Microsoft SQL Server.

MongoDB

MongoDB is an open source database management system (DBMS) that uses a document-oriented database model which supports various forms of data.

It is one of numerous nonrelational database technologies which arose in the mid-2000s under the NoSQL banner for use in big data applications and other processing jobs involving data that doesn't fit well in a rigid relational model.

Instead of using tables and rows as in relational databases, the MongoDB architecture is made up of collections and documents.

Oracle

Oracle’s revolutionary cloud database is self-driving, self-securing, self-repairing, and designed to eliminate error-prone manual data management.

Easily deploy new or move your existing OLTP and data warehouse to the cloud. The secured, intelligent, highly available database in the cloud enables you to get more value from your data to grow your business.

MySQL

MySQL is the world's most popular open source database. With its proven performance, reliability and ease-of-use, MySQL has become the leading database choice for web-based applications, used by high profile web properties including Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Yahoo! and many more.